libarchive: bsdtar crashes with dyld missing symbol

[PerMildner]

Something like the following often happens when I do sudo port upgrade outdated.

-------------------------------------
Translated Report (Full Report Below)
-------------------------------------

Process:               bsdtar [72528]
Path:                  /opt/local/bin/bsdtar
Identifier:            bsdtar
Version:               ???
Code Type:             X86-64 (Native)
Parent Process:        tclsh8.6 [72518]
Responsible:           Emacs-x86_64-10_14 [1074]
User ID:               0

Date/Time:             2023-11-08 10:15:18.1561 +0100
OS Version:            macOS 13.6.1 (22G313)
Report Version:        12
Bridge OS Version:     8.1 (21P1069)
Anonymous UUID:        0B3FD7AE-CD61-E7F1-5BBA-25341183702C

Sleep/Wake UUID:       4A798EDD-FE76-4E04-A49B-2F9F16D0F35F

Time Awake Since Boot: 650000 seconds
Time Since Wake:       856 seconds

System Integrity Protection: enabled

Crashed Thread:        0

Exception Type:        EXC_CRASH (SIGABRT)
Exception Codes:       0x0000000000000000, 0x0000000000000000

Termination Reason:    Namespace DYLD, Code 4 Symbol missing
Symbol not found: _lzma_cputhreads
Referenced from: <EAC1F2A3-C365-3B4B-997E-5AF3244D631F> /opt/local/lib/libarchive.13.dylib
Expected in:     <77FF8999-1AB6-326B-90EE-F96C63299803> /usr/lib/liblzma.5.dylib
(terminated at launch; ignore backtrace)

Thread 0 Crashed:
0   dyld                          	    0x7ff80cd3ac52 __abort_with_payload + 10
1   dyld                          	    0x7ff80cd54fd7 abort_with_payload_wrapper_internal + 82
2   dyld                          	    0x7ff80cd55009 abort_with_payload + 9
3   dyld                          	    0x7ff80ccd98f0 dyld4::halt(char const*) + 375
4   dyld                          	    0x7ff80ccd6b71 dyld4::prepare(dyld4::APIs&, dyld3::MachOAnalyzer const*) + 4526
5   dyld                          	    0x7ff80ccd53bd start + 1805


Thread 0 crashed with X86 Thread State (64-bit):
  rax: 0x0000000002000209  rbx: 0x0000000000000000  rcx: 0x00007ff7be7db268  rdx: 0x00007ff7be7db6d0
  rdi: 0x0000000000000006  rsi: 0x0000000000000004  rbp: 0x00007ff7be7db2b0  rsp: 0x00007ff7be7db268
   r8: 0x00007ff7be7db2d0   r9: 0x0000000000000000  r10: 0x0000000000000061  r11: 0x0000000000000246
  r12: 0x0000000000000061  r13: 0x00007ff7be7db6d0  r14: 0x0000000000000004  r15: 0x0000000000000006
  rip: 0x00007ff80cd3ac52  rfl: 0x0000000000000246  cr2: 0x0000000000000000
  
Logical CPU:     0
Error Code:      0x02000209 
Trap Number:     133


Binary Images:
       0x101723000 -        0x10172efff bsdtar (*) <7d1ba33f-6a74-3323-aef7-ded132795449> /opt/local/bin/bsdtar
       0x101827000 -        0x1018b2fff libarchive.13.dylib (*) <eac1f2a3-c365-3b4b-997e-5af3244d631f> /opt/local/lib/libarchive.13.dylib
       0x1019eb000 -        0x101aeefff libiconv.2.dylib (*) <53f687f6-88a6-3f39-92b2-8a1ae884ab0d> /opt/local/lib/libiconv.2.dylib
       0x10179f000 -        0x1017bafff liblzo2.2.dylib (*) <629c6816-92b6-3323-b99b-8f98db244b4a> /opt/local/lib/liblzo2.2.dylib
       0x101b03000 -        0x101baefff libzstd.1.5.5.dylib (*) <313f9964-ad79-3129-94ca-d5e477daf7f0> /opt/local/lib/libzstd.1.5.5.dylib
       0x1017ea000 -        0x101809fff liblz4.1.9.4.dylib (*) <7206faf2-3cfd-3774-b282-ed4b384a66e1> /opt/local/lib/liblz4.1.9.4.dylib
       0x101789000 -        0x101790fff libb2.1.dylib (*) <1c9c266e-b15f-34e8-a966-7b4c5300a7f4> /opt/local/lib/libb2.1.dylib
       0x1018d3000 -        0x1018e6fff libbz2.1.0.8.dylib (*) <c596b77c-a43e-3592-85ec-94083337d7c2> /opt/local/lib/libbz2.1.0.8.dylib
       0x1018f3000 -        0x101906fff libz.1.3.dylib (*) <29a0416b-29be-3f0f-b445-092ceb18dbd3> /opt/local/lib/libz.1.3.dylib
       0x101cd4000 -        0x101daffff libxml2.2.dylib (*) <f3fa095a-e685-3a41-b435-445590ec2187> /opt/local/lib/libxml2.2.dylib
       0x10208c000 -        0x102213fff libicui18n.73.2.dylib (*) <377e14a3-41a5-341d-a134-e56bb1cf6248> /opt/local/lib/libicui18n.73.2.dylib
       0x102330000 -        0x10245bfff libicuuc.73.2.dylib (*) <5019c2d1-a418-34a7-8e7a-39b5c0490abf> /opt/local/lib/libicuuc.73.2.dylib
       0x10436d000 -        0x1061fcfff libicudata.73.2.dylib (*) <ceca8248-f42c-350e-bc32-da7d4418569e> /opt/local/lib/libicudata.73.2.dylib
    0x7ff80cccf000 -     0x7ff80cd675ef dyld (*) <3df96f32-b9c9-3566-a6b7-4daebc6d6563> /usr/lib/dyld

External Modification Summary:
  Calls made by other processes targeting this process:
    task_for_pid: 0
    thread_create: 0
    thread_set_state: 0
  Calls made by this process:
    task_for_pid: 0
    thread_create: 0
    thread_set_state: 0
  Calls made by all processes on this machine:
    task_for_pid: 0
    thread_create: 0
    thread_set_state: 0

VM Region Summary:
ReadOnly portion of Libraries: Total=215.0M resident=0K(0%) swapped_out_or_unallocated=215.0M(100%)
Writable regions: Total=9.9M written=0K(0%) resident=0K(0%) swapped_out=0K(0%) unallocated=9.9M(100%)

                                VIRTUAL   REGION 
REGION TYPE                        SIZE    COUNT (non-coalesced) 
===========                     =======  ======= 
STACK GUARD                       54.4M        1 
Stack                             9788K        1 
VM_ALLOCATE                          8K        2 
__DATA                             328K       44 
__DATA_CONST                       583K       46 
__DATA_DIRTY                        63K       23 
__LINKEDIT                       172.8M       14 
__OBJC_RO                         66.3M        1 
__OBJC_RW                         2013K        2 
__TEXT                            42.2M       55 
dyld private memory                260K        2 
shared memory                        4K        1 
===========                     =======  ======= 
TOTAL                            348.5M      192 



-----------
Full Report
-----------

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Model: MacBookPro16,1, BootROM 2020.41.1.0.0 (iBridge: 21.16.1069.0.0,0), 8 processors, 8-Core Intel Core i9, 2,3 GHz, 32 GB, SMC 
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AirPort: spairport_wireless_card_type_wifi (0x14E4, 0x7BF), wl0: Dec  9 2022 17:02:25 version 9.30.492.0.32.5.87 FWID 01-e7856862
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Thunderbolt Bus: MacBook Pro, Apple Inc., 63.5
Thunderbolt Device: Thunderbolt 3 Express Dock HD, Belkin International, Inc., 3, 19.1
Thunderbolt Bus: MacBook Pro, Apple Inc., 63.5

[ryandesign (Ryan Carsten Schmidt)]

/opt/local/lib/libarchive.13.dylib should not be looking for anything in /usr/lib/liblzma.5.dylib; it should be looking in /opt/local/lib/liblzma.5.dylib, which is provided by the xz port, which is listed as a dependency of the libarchive port, which provides bsdtar, so I don't know why this is happening for you, unless you have done something with the DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable which tells dyld to use different libraries than it ordinarily would.

[ryandesign (Ryan Carsten Schmidt)]

However, it is also surprising that your MacPorts is using /opt/local/bin/bsdtar to extract ports. Normally it should use /usr/bin/tar. Did you build MacPorts base from source and explicitly tell it to use /opt/local/bin/bsdtar for extraction, or did you have libarchive installed and have /opt/local/bin in your PATH when you built MacPorts base from source? If so, that could explain it, and the recommendation then would be to reinstall the pre-compiled MacPorts base using our installer, or rebuild MacPorts base from source while /opt/local/bin is not in your PATH so that MacPorts does not configure itself to use /opt/local/bin/bsdtar or other programs installed by MacPorts ports.

[PerMildner]

As far as I can recall I have a "boring" install of MacPorts, using the ordinary installer. I have had MacPorts through many OS upgrades on this machine, but as far as I can recall I have always followed the upgrade instructions (install MacPorts for new OS, then do some uninstall-everything magic, then port install all the things I need).

One other interesting thing is that the crash does not result in any obvious failure from the sudo port upgrade outdated. I only notice the crash because macOS puts up a crash dialog.

One theory would be that the problem is more common, but most users do not have a setting that makes them see a crash dialog.

Are there any logs I could upload that would make it easier to troubleshoot this?

[tobypeterson]

• output of otool -L /opt/local/bin/bsdtar
• output of env | grep DYLD
• debug output from the port command that triggers the crash

[PerMildner]

% otool -L /opt/local/bin/bsdtar 
/opt/local/bin/bsdtar:
	/opt/local/lib/libarchive.13.dylib (compatibility version 21.0.0, current version 21.2.0)
	/opt/local/lib/libiconv.2.dylib (compatibility version 9.0.0, current version 9.1.0)
	/opt/local/lib/liblzo2.2.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0)
	/opt/local/lib/liblzma.5.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.4.0)
	/opt/local/lib/libzstd.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.5.5)
	/opt/local/lib/liblz4.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.9.4)
	/opt/local/lib/libb2.1.dylib (compatibility version 2.0.0, current version 2.4.0)
	/opt/local/lib/libbz2.1.0.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.8)
	/opt/local/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.3.0)
	/opt/local/lib/libxml2.2.dylib (compatibility version 14.0.0, current version 14.5.0)
	/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1319.100.3)

env | grep DYLD has empty output.

Could you elaborate on how I obtain the "debug output from the port command that triggers the crash"? As I mentioned I have never noticed any indication, in the shell, of problem from sudo port upgrade outdated, even when the crash dialog appears. Are there some explicit logs I could look for? (Unfortunately I have done a sudo port upgrade outdated since last time, which found nothing to update and did not cause a crash dialog, so perhaps any logs have been overwritten by now.

[tobypeterson]

Linking looks correct, and I don't know of a reason it would use /usr/lib/liblzma without a DYLD environment variable set. Are you running the env command in the exact same environment you're using to run port? I'm suspicious because the "Responsible" process is... Emacs-x86_64-10_14?

For debug output, use -d, e.g. sudo port -d upgrade outdated.

[tobypeterson]

Although I suppose it's actually libarchive referencing /usr/lib/liblzma? So maybe the output of otool -L /opt/local/lib/libarchive.13.dylib will help.

[jmroot (Joshua Root)]

As far as I'm aware, /usr/bin/env is still incapable of showing you whether DYLD_* variables are set, because SIP filters them out.

[PerMildner]

% otool -L /opt/local/lib/libarchive.13.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libarchive.13.dylib:
	/opt/local/lib/libarchive.13.dylib (compatibility version 21.0.0, current version 21.2.0)
	/opt/local/lib/libiconv.2.dylib (compatibility version 9.0.0, current version 9.1.0)
	/opt/local/lib/liblzo2.2.dylib (compatibility version 3.0.0, current version 3.0.0)
	/opt/local/lib/liblzma.5.dylib (compatibility version 10.0.0, current version 10.4.0)
	/opt/local/lib/libzstd.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.5.5)
	/opt/local/lib/liblz4.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.9.4)
	/opt/local/lib/libb2.1.dylib (compatibility version 2.0.0, current version 2.4.0)
	/opt/local/lib/libbz2.1.0.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.8)
	/opt/local/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.3.0)
	/opt/local/lib/libxml2.2.dylib (compatibility version 14.0.0, current version 14.5.0)
	/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1319.100.3)

set | grep -e DYLD (from a Terminal.app window, outside Emacs) also empty (and I have no reason to think that any of the DYLD variables would be set).

It could very well be that I ran the port upgrade from a shell inside Emacs. This is how I usually use the shell. I do not remember if the latest crash (or all previous crashes) happened from within Emacs or not.

[PerMildner]

In a shell (in Emacs or Terminal.app makes no difference):

% { find /opt/local -name '*.dylib' -exec otool -L '{}' \; | grep -e '/usr/lib/' | sort -u } 2> /dev/null 
	/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1319.0.0)
	/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1319.100.3)
	/usr/lib/libXplugin.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 53.0.0)
	/usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1300.32.0)
	/usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1300.36.0)
	/usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1500.65.0)
	/usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1500.65.0, weak)
	/usr/lib/libc++abi.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1500.65.0)
	/usr/lib/libcompression.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
	/usr/lib/libcurl.4.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 9.0.0)
	/usr/lib/libedit.3.dylib (compatibility version 2.0.0, current version 3.0.0)
	/usr/lib/libobjc.A.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 228.0.0)
	/usr/lib/libresolv.9.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
	/usr/lib/libutil.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
	/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.11)

No /usr/lib/liblzma... among those.

(I will be sure to use the debug output in the future, but so far port upgrade has not found anything to upgrade.)

[kencu (Ken)]

IMHO -- this is kinda fun I guess to see what exactly went wrong for you, but in the real world -- just start fresh.

Whatever is happening to you is not a systemic MacPorts issue.

Get a listing of your requested ports, uninstall all your ports, reset everything in /opt/local/etc/macports to default values, and reinstall the ports you want.

If you start fresh and the problem comes up again on your reinstallation, then ... well something is seriously hosed on your system.

[ryandesign (Ryan Carsten Schmidt)]

Replying to kencu:

Get a listing of your requested ports, uninstall all your ports, reset everything in /opt/local/etc/macports to default values, and reinstall the ports you want.

That's pretty drastic and inconvenient step, and we have no evidence yet that there's anything wrong with the ports as they are currently installed. We only have the information that, when run from within emacs, something unexpected happens, but I have no experience with emacs so I cannot say whether what the user is trying to do within emacs is supposed to work. The problem could be caused by running port within emacs or by DYLD environment variables. If so, uninstalling and reinstalling all ports wouldn't change anything. I would recommend that for further troubleshooting emacs be left out of the equation.

[ryandesign (Ryan Carsten Schmidt)]

Trying from another macOS user account could be another useful diagnostic step.

[PerMildner]

If this problem is indeed only on my machine I think reinstall-and-move-on as suggested above is the cost effective solution.

I will stay silent unless I can reproduce the problem with debug output. Most likely I will reinstall anyway because of OS upgrade to macOS 14 and the problem will either disappear, or reappear in Sonoma and therefore become more interesting to investigate.